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Arts:
Art is expecetd to encompass various forms of performing arts, visual arts etc.

In Indian context, the history of the Arts dates back to ancient times when the temples started coming up with sculptors made. Critics have varied opinion on Indian arts. The open display of love in all its purity can be dubbed as a piece of vulgar work. But the real argument is that it showed love in its purest form. This also reflects the age and time as people were broad minded not to mingle these arts with rhetoric lectures on guading moral values etc.

In around 1500 AD or little beyond the beginning of 16th century, Indian artists came closer to his world typically and made a wonderful synthesis of painting with literature. Paintings during that period reflected what’s later called to be Avadhi romantic tales portraying life and times. Arguments hold that depiction of natural resources like ocean or river water became more clear.

Mughal Art:
From the point of view of Indian art, Mughal art will be remembered for long. And the cause is something more than the polity. That means these arts earned name not for the reason that Delhi rulers wanted to propagate those, but those really had artistic values and left an impressive mark for generations to come.

One theory strongly propagated and rightly so is that Mughal art cannot be simply called the Islamic art. This marked the beginning of a new era of Indian art as typical Indian arts based on vakues and history of Indian sub-continent, the way of life found exposure. Arguably the theme used to be Persian but were distinctly different from early Muslim rulers in the region or even in Deccan part of Indian sub-continent.

While the best known Mughal piece of art is Taj Mahal made under emperor Shahjahan in memory of his beloved wife Mamtaz after her death, other rulers also contributed their part.

Taj Mahal is regarded as the epitome of love or a monument of love. One of the eight wonders of the world, in a world wide survey it was ranked the first among all such wonders including the Chinese wall and Moscow’s bell.

The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals built entirely of white marble. Its stunning architectural beauty is beyond description, particularly at dawn and sunset. The Taj seems to glow in the light of the full moon. Thanks to the master piece of art, Agra is the in the world tourist map and will continue do so for decades to come.

The Taj is at the farthest end with the river Jamuna behind it. The large garden contains four reflecting pools dividing it at the center.

Each of these four sections is further subdivided into four sections and then each into yet another four sections. Like the Taj, the garden elements also attract admiration. In the recent past, Taj has been making news either for wrong reasons or for fictional account like vanishing in the hands of magician P C Sorkar.

Akbar’s patronage:
Under Akbar, Indian arts found a fantastic synthesis of ideas and theme of Persian cult, Indian values and European style. Hindu artists constituted the majority of Akbar’s painters in his court. He had hired two extremely well known artistes of his time Mir Sayyid Ali and Abd-as-Samad from Iran to oversee the functioning and performance of his court artistes. This brought in the right synthesis of two sets of cultures and their values.

In fact, Akbar’s secular approach find god reflection on the art of his time and rightly he used to be called ‘Din-I-Illahi’ and adored equally by Hindus and Muslims. His thrust on arts wasmore on knowledge and intellectual pursuits than any political or religious considerations.

The art of the post-Akbar even during Mughal period era did not have the illustrative thrust. General finish and colour mixing was finer but in execution the earlier boldness had been replaced by a touch of softness.

His successor Jahangir had a sharp eye sensitive to beauty of both man and nature. This and his great poetic genius endowed with fine imagery and lyricism reflected in the art of his era. In the warmth of heart, sense of precision and nature study it is excellent.

Portraits of birds and animals of this era are timeless world classics. His interaction with the European world brought to Indian art European technique of shading and producing three-dimensional effects. But the era had a problem in the form of authoritarian style of royal queen Nor Jehan, who ran the show in the Mughal court in the name of her husband.

Indian paintings are famous for their aesthetic beauty. Indian paintings can be of different types including the likes of silk paintings, glass paintings, Tanjore paintings or Rajashthani School of painting in western India.

Tanjore Paintings:
Also called Thanjavur Painting originated in Thanjavur during the reign of the Marathas in the 16th century. The paintings are mostly of Gods and Goddesses. A typical Thanjavur painting would consist of one main figure and are notable for their adornment in the form of semi-precious stones, pearls, glass pieces and gold. The Thanjavur school of painting evolved despite political chaos of the time thus often reflect the conflict and history of that period. These paintings flourished under the patronage of the Nayak & Maratha princes in the 16th to the 18th centuries. The art was practiced by two main communities namely - the Rajus in Tanjore and Trichy (a city near Tanjore) and Naidus in Madurai.

Experts say the arts those flourished in many centers of Rajasthan, Malwa and Bundelkhand basically were inspired by the old tradition.

Thus, nature in Rasjasthan painting is treated with more emphasis for obvious reasons than in any previous Indian art. But the treatment is not faithful to appearance; it rather follows Hindi poetry, some say.

The Rajasthan painting has also been devotional in style and portray greatness of the Lord Krishna and legends associated with his name. These also depicted folk stories of the region.

Hindu-Buddhists Art:
No talk of Indian art is complete without eulogising a good synthesis of Hindu and Buddhists arts. In fact, experts say combining the country India into a single category of art is impossible. Years of history from Buddhism and Hinduism, and all other major religions in between have created a wide diversity of art. From 3,500 BC to this day these two religions have defined the Indian art in many forms of mysticism.
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